Elektrochemické biosenzory v analýze zemědělských produktů a vzorků životního prostředí

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Title in English Electrochemical biosensors in agricultural and enviromental analysis
Authors

KIZEK René VACEK Jan TRNKOVÁ Libuše KLEJDUS Bořivoj KUBÁŇ Vlastimil

Year of publication 2003
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source CHEMICKÉ LISTY
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Field Electrochemistry
Keywords Elektrochemické biosenzory; DNA-biosenzory; enzymové a uhlíkové elektrody; avidin-biotinová technologie; pesticidy; polutanty; environmentální a zemědělská kontrola.
Description The technology of biosensors has found extensive applications in clinical diagnostics, genomics and proteomics, environmental protection, and industry, as well as in studies of biological processes in cases where classical analytical techniques are not applicable. In this communication, the use of potentiometric and amperometric biosensors for chemical analysis in agriculture and environmental science are briefly reviewed with emphasis on the determination of toxic substances, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and selected organic pollutants. Also covered are some modern electrochemical trends, particularly the use of solid carbon electrodes in DNA-hybridization and enzymatic modification (avidin-biotin technology), related to the determination of specific sequences in mRNA or DNA. An important application of solid electrodes, modified with nucleic acids or proteins, is in the field of genom investigation of agricultural pests or pathogenic organisms in the environment, or in the determination of specific proteins in organisms. The modified electrodes, in conjunction with compact, portable diagnostic instrumentation, also seem to be promising for the investigation of DNA damage, which could be important for the identification of genotoxic effects of harmful substances on organisms.
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