Effects of toxaphene on soil organisms

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Authors

BEZCHLEBOVÁ Jitka ČERNOHLÁVKOVÁ Jitka LÁNA Jan SOCHOVÁ Ivana KOBETIČOVÁ Klára HOFMAN Jakub

Year of publication 2007
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Field Soil contamination adn decontamination incl. pesticides
Keywords soil; organic pollutants; toxaphene; ecotoxicology
Description The polychlorinated insecticide toxaphene belonged to the most used pesticides in the 20th century. Even recently, significant residues have been found in soils at various sites in the world. However, knowledge on toxicity to soil organisms is limited. In this study, the effects of toxaphene on soil invertebrates Folsomia candida, Eisenia fetida, Enchytraeus albidus, Enchytraeus crypticus, Caenorhabditis elegans and microorganisms were investigated. Among the organisms tested, Folsomia candida was the most sensitive. The 50% effect on survival and reproduction output (LC50 and EC50) was found at concentrations of 10.4 mg/kg and 3.6 mg/kg, respectively. Sensitivity of other organisms was significantly lower with effective concentrations at tens or hundreds of mg/kg. Our data on soil toxicity was recalculated to soil pore-water concentrations and good accordance with available data reported for aquatic toxicity was found. Since soil concentrations at some sites are comparable to concentrations effective in our tests, toxaphene may negatively affect soil communities at these sites.
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