| Description |
In framework of this diploma thesis were studied toxic effects of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorene) and its N-heterocyclic derivates (phenanthridine, 1,10-phenanthroline, 4,7-phenanthroline, 1,7-phenanthroline, benzo[h]quinoline, acridine, carbazole) on terrestrial plants white mustard (Sinapis alba), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Tests of acute phytotoxicity were carried out in laboratories of the centre RECETOX, Masaryk University in Brno. The classic morphological parametres (shoot length, hypocotyl length and their weights) and germinability of seeds were observed. The parameter of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), as well as the level and activity of antioxidative components of plant metabolism (glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase) were measured to identify the rate of induction of oxidative stress. Evidently new informations about in the meanwhile little studied group of environmental toxicants (PAHs versus aza-PAHs) were established in this work. The results of this study implicate that homocyclic polyaromatic hydrocarbons are less toxic than their N-substituents, with respect to interference in morphological parametres. S. alba and T. aestivum were more sensitive than P. vulgaris. Chemicals with the strongest inhibition effect on the process of germination and the growth of plants were determined (phenanthridine, acridine, benzo[h]quinoline, 1,10 - and 1,7-phenanthroline). Furthermore were found out that fluorene, carbazole, acridine, phenanthrene, phenanthridine, benzo[h]quinoline and 1,7-phenanthroline significantly increased lipid peroxidation. All tested chemicals significantly induced the increase of activity of detoxification plant enzymes, in case of increased level of glutathion significantly caused all tested chemicals except 1,10- and 4,7-phenanthroline.
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