The Use of Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis for Determinationof Trinitrotoluenes and Product of their Biotransformation.
| Authors | |
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| Year of publication | 2005 |
| Type | Article in Proceedings |
| Conference | The Raison dEtre of environmental toxicology and chemistry, SETAC Europe 15th Annual Meeting, 22-26 May 2005 |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Field | Analytic chemistry |
| Keywords | Liquid Chromatography; Capillary Electrophoresis; Trinitrotoluenes |
| Description | Nitroderivatives of toluene such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) belong to most used explosives. TNT, other trinitrotoluenes and products of their biotranformations, aminodinitrotoluenes (ADNT) and diaminonitrotoluenes (DANT) are widely distributed in the environment. The various nitroaromatic compounds have been found as contaminants in soils at munitions manufacturing facilities, storage depots, and sites of the explosives use. TNT is often stepwise biologically reduced to aminodinitrotoluenes (ADNT) and diaminonitrotoluenes (DANT) in the environment. They have mutagenic, carcinogenic and toxic effects. TNT, 2-ADNT, 4-ADNT, 2,4-DANT, 2,6-DANT have been found to be cytotoxic presumably due to induced oxidative stress. TNT, and the TNT-derived metabolites demonstrate mutagenic capability. According to EPA, TNT is possible human carcinogen. The most commonly used method for the analysis of nitrotoluenes and aminonitrotoluenes is high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection due to its widespread availability. At present, electromigration methods are used due to their unrivalled separation efficiency. Comparison of retention behaviour of selected nitroderivatives of toluene and aminonitroderivatives of toluene in liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrochromatography (CEC) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MECC) separation systems is presented. Fused silica capillary filled with octadecylsilica stationary phase (CEC Hypersil C18, 3m, 100 m I.D.) was used for electrochromatography experiments and the standard bare fused silica capillary (50 m I.D.) for micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Effect of pH and concentration of background electrolyte, sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) concentration and organic modifier content was investigated. Efect of mobile phase composition and different gradient elutions in reversed phase liquid chromatography system was studied. The applicability of separation method under investigation for determination of nitroderivatives of toluene in environmental samples is discused. |
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