Unexpected Heterogeneity of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients with Plasmacytomas

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Authors

ŠTORK Martin ŠEVČÍKOVÁ Sabina JELINEK Tomas MINARIK Jiri RADOCHA Jakub PIKA Tomas POSPISILOVA Lenka SPICKA Ivan STRAUB Jan PAVLICEK Petr JUNGOVA Alexandra KNECHTOVÁ Zdeňka SANDECKÁ Viera MAISNAR Vladimir HAJEK Rroman POUR Luděk

Year of publication 2022
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Biomedicines
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Medicine

Citation
Web http://mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/10/2535
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102535
Keywords multiple myeloma; risk factors; survival; plasmacytomas
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Description In multiple myeloma (MM), malignant plasma cells infiltrate the bone marrow. In some cases, plasma cells migrate out of the bone marrow creating either para-skeletal plasmacytomas (PS) or infiltrating soft tissues as extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMD). The aim of this study was to define risk groups in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients with PS and EMD plasmacytomas. In total, 523 NDMM patients with PS plasmacytomas and 196 NDMM patients with EMD plasmacytomas were diagnosed in the Czech Republic between 2004 and 2021 using modern imaging methods. Patients’ data were analyzed from the Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies of the Czech Myeloma Group. In NDMM patients with PS plasmacytomas, we found a subgroup with <5% of bone-marrow plasma cells to have the best prognosis (mPFS: 58.3 months (95% CI: 33.0–NA); mOS: not reached). The subgroup with >5% of bone-marrow plasma cells and ?3 plasmacytomas had the worst prognosis (mPFS: 19.3 months (95% CI: 13.4–28.8), p < 0.001; mOS: 27.9 months (95% CI: 19.3–67.8), p < 0.001). Our results show association between tumor burden and prognosis of NDMM patients with plasmacytomas. In the case of PS plasmacytomas, NDMM patients with low BM PC infiltration have an excellent prognosis.
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