Can you make granulation tissue heal periodontitis faster? Experimental treatment using lipoxins and resolvins in rabbit model
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| Year of publication | 2018 |
| Type | Appeared in Conference without Proceedings |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
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| Description | Pro-resolution mediators and granulation tissue How can you modify behaviour of cells contained in the granulation tissue? Lipoxins and resolvins, natural metabolites of arachidonic acid, are synthetized in the late phases of inflammation. They both help in regeneration of damaged tissues and drive the resolution of inflammation, as they accelerate metabolism and clearance of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils, inhibit secretion of pro inflammatory and proteolytic molecules, inhibit osteoclast growth and differentiation, promote osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Aspirin-triggered lipoxins and resolvins are more powerful and more stable than their natural analogues. Their synthesis can be accelerated with omega-3 fatty acids present in fish oil. A novel therapeutic approach using pro-resolution potential of granulation tissue (GT) is suggested. Conventionally, GT is extracted and discarded during open flap periodontal debridement. If enriched with aspirin and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA), cells of GT can synthetize aspirin-triggered lipoxins and resolvins. Enhanced GT replaced back into the defect might help resolving periodontitis faster. Ligature-induced periodontitis and experimental treatment In each of twenty-four rabbits used, two experimental periodontal defects were created. Periodontitis was induced bilaterally with wire ligatures (0.012 inch), tightened around both mandibular first premolars, and suspension of Porphyromonas gingivalis (4,5-6,5 x108 CFU/ml) applied locally twice a week. Ligatures were removed six weeks after the placement, periodontal defects were evaluated (PPD and CAL), and rabbit underwent second intervention. An open flap surgery was performed to extract the granulation tissue (GT) from the interdental space between the first and second mandibular premolar. Upon drawing lots, one of the three treatment options was carried out: ASA+OMEGA3 GROUP - granulation tissue was soaked with aspirin and omega 3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid) PLACEBO GROUP (PL) - granulation tissue was only soaked with saline CONTROL GROUP (CO) - granulation tissue was left untreated Then, GT was replaced back in its original interdental space Evaluation Necropsies were harvested 2, 6, and 12 weeks after the surgery. Defects were evaluated clinically (PPD and CAL measured) and the samples were preserved for histopathological and molecular biological assessment. |
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