Suplementace dietními nitráty, tělesná práce a sportovní výkonnost. I. část.
| Title in English | Dietary Nitrate Supplementation, Exercise and Sports Performance. Part I. |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2016 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Medicina Sportiva Bohemica et Slovaca |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Field | Sport and leisure time activities |
| Keywords | nitric oxide; inorganic nitrates; beetroot juice; plasma nitrites; nitrate supplements; oxygen uptake; exercise efficiency; severe-intensity exercise tolerance; athletic performance |
| Description | The purpose of this review was to examine the possible effects of dietary nitrates on some of the exercise parameters and athletic performance. Inorganic nitrate is found in abundant quantities particularly in leafy vegetables and beetroots. Nitrates are gradually converted into nitrites and they both circulate in the blood plasma. In conditions of reduced oxygen availability, nitrites may be converted into the nitric oxide, which is known to play number of important roles in the metabolic and vascular control. Nitrate supplementation increases plasma nitrite levels, reduces resting blood pressure and oxygen consumption at submaximal exercise and, under certain circumstances, it can also enhance the maximal exercise tolerance. The paper gives an overview of the possible mechanisms that may be responsible for these effects, especially parallel effect of improved oxygenation, reduction of ATP turnover during exercise, reduction of protons leakage/slippage across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and improvements in muscle calcium handling and contractile function in fast twitch fibres. The anticipated positive impact of nitrate supplementation on sports performance has been reported only in less trained athletes. For high-trained endurance athletes this intervention generally did not have performance benefits. |
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