Stability of supercurrents and condensates in type I superconductors

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Authors

LIPAVSKY P. MORAWETZ K. ŠOPÍK Břetislav MANNEL M.

Year of publication 2014
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B
MU Faculty or unit

Central European Institute of Technology

Citation
Web http://link.springer.com/article/10.1140%2Fepjb%2Fe2013-40932-2#page-1
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2013-40932-2
Field Solid matter physics and magnetism
Keywords 2-DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; BCS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; COOPER PAIRS; CROSSOVER; SYSTEMS; WEAK
Description Excitations of Cooper pairs into non-condensed bound pairs are similar to excitations of true bosons out of the Bose-Einstein condensate. Using the Landau criterion of superfluidity we evaluate the critical current above which these pair-excitations would lead to a finite resistivity. The predicted value strongly depends on the chosen approximation. The Thouless approach based on the Galitskii T-matrix and the Kadanoff-Martin theory which is in many aspects equivalent to the BCS theory, both lead to zero critical velocity, what is in conflict with the mere existence of supercurrents. In contrast, the T-matrix with multiple scattering corrections provides the critical velocity of pair excitation which is root 3-times larger than the critical velocity of pair breaking. This agrees with the experimentally well established fact that supercurrents in type I superconductors are limited by pair breaking, not by pair excitation.
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