VELIKOST TLAKU NA CHODIDLE PŘI ODRAZU U BĚHU NA LYŽÍCH
| Title in English | Force characteristics during take off in cross country skiing |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2012 |
| Type | Chapter of a book |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Description | The contribution is a descriptive study which deals with the basic kinetic characteristics (vertical ground reaction force) of major cross-country ski techniques and the size of plantar contact area during push-off. We observed and analysed these variables during push-off in diagonal stride (DS), double pole with kick (DPk), V1, V2 and skating without poling (SWP) at the race speed. The size of maximal contact area during the skiers’ movement was observed while reaching maximal ground reaction force during push-off. The measurement was made with the help of the Pedar system [Novel, GER]. Our observed group was composed of competitors of top national performance level. We have found different values of maximal push-off force in the observed techniques. The value of ground reaction force was always higher in DS and DPk than in all skating techniques. In DS and DPk, the value of push-off force was not significantly different while on uphill or flat track. In DS, the values of vertical force reached 2.2 mBW on a flat part of track and 2.3 mBW uphill, in DPk 2.2 and 2.1 respectively. Similar results were found in flat and uphill skating. In OF, mean values of maximal force on flat reached 1.5 and 1.4 mBW respectively, in V1 within the range of 1.4 and 1.2 mBW respectively, in SWP the values of 1.4 a 1.5 mBW respectively were found. Plantar contact area with the surface was always bigger in DS DPk than in skating techniques. In DS and DPk, the contact area always took more than 50 % of maximal plantar contact area, in all skating techniques it was always less than 50 %. The biggest difference in the size of contact areas between flat and uphill skiing was found in DS (66.2 % and 58 %, respectively). |
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