| Description |
In this pilot study we occupy ourselves with the comparison of the basic kinetic and time variables of walk in thefield and on the treadmill. The walk on the treadmill has its own specifics, because the walker doesn't move in space, the walking belt is in motion. Therefore we suppose that the vertical plantar forces characteristics of stance could be different in comparison with walk in natural environment. Three persons were investigated, man 56 years old, 173 cm, 72 kg, man 20 years, 180 cm 67 kg, woman 19 years, 171 cm, 67 kg. Vertical plantar forces (VGF) and time characteristics were measured by the Pedar Mobile System (Novel GmbH, Munich, Germany). Probands made natural individual walk on flat and uphill land (9 %) at speed 3, 4 and 5 km/ hour. For the laboratory research the treadmill Lode Katana Sport 30 (Groningen, NED) was used. For the field research was used a pavement in the vicinity of the faculty. The speed during field research was checked with the help of cyclocomputer. Before the research the accuracy of computer measurement was compared repeatedly with Sport Photocell Timing (error till 10 %). Seven representative force and time parameters was selected: F1- maximal vertical plantar force during absorption stage of stance (LR, MSt), F2 –the lowest vertical plantar force between both peaks, F3 - maximal vertical plantar force during propulsive stage of stance (TSt, PSw), Fm – average vertical plantar force for whole stance, t - total time of stance, t1 - time of absorption stage of stance, t2 - time of propulsive stage of stance. The probands walked for 15 sec and the last 10 sec was recorded. We evaluated three successive stances of left and right legs. Basic descriptive statistics was used (Mean, SD, percentage) and Effect of Size (Cohen d coefficient). For kinetic parameters (F1, F3) were found out the tendency of increasing values in concordance of increasing speed of walk in the both tests conditions and for F2 was found the tendency of decreasing VGF for all the probands. For each of these parameters was found nearly all differences among field and laboratory significant. The values of F3 were always bigger in field and also values for F1 of two probands. Fm showed insignificant increase of VGR for all the speeds and terrain. The time of stance was reduced with increasing speed of walk in both environments. The time differences of stance between field and laboratory were mostly significant, which is not very logical for the same speed of walk. The shorter time of stance with increasing velocity of walk was caused in the first place of propulsive stage time reduction. The pilot research showed a kinetic and time differencebetween walk in field and laboratory and it indicates the needs of follow-up survey of this topic.
|